Indian Land Unit Converter (Bigha/Katha/Guntha)
A bigha is a traditional South Asian land unit whose size varies by Indian state — and that variation is the whole problem. In West Bengal and Assam a bigha is 14,400 sq ft, in Uttar Pradesh roughly 27,000 sq ft, and in Gujarat about 17,424 sq ft — so “5 bigha of land” can mean anywhere from 1.65 to 3.13 acres depending on the state. This converter is built for anyone dealing with Indian land records — NRIs and US-based families managing or inheriting property in India, international buyers, and attorneys reading sale deeds. It handles bigha, katha, biswa, guntha, marla, cent, and gaj alongside acre, hectare, square feet, and square meters, applying the state-specific customary value you select. Every conversion shows its working through square feet so you can check it against your sale deed.
1 Bigha = 0.619835 Acre
1 × 27,000 sq ft ÷ 43,560 sq ft = 0.619835
Area: 27,000 sq ft ≈ 2,508.38 sq m
Bigha, katha, and biswa are customary units with no statutory standard — verify against your sale deed or patwari / land-records office before any transaction.
1 bigha across states (in acre)
| State | 1 bigha (sq ft) | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | 27,000 | 0.619835 acre |
| Bihar | 27,220 | 0.624885 acre |
| West Bengal | 14,400 | 0.330579 acre |
| Rajasthan (pucca) | 27,225 | 0.625 acre |
| Assam | 14,400 | 0.330579 acre |
| Gujarat | 17,424 | 0.4 acre |
| Madhya Pradesh | 12,000 | 0.275482 acre |
| Himachal Pradesh | 8,712 | 0.2 acre |
| Uttarakhand | 6,804 | 0.156198 acre |
| Punjab / Haryana | 9,070 | 0.208219 acre |
How to use the indian land unit converter (bigha/katha/guntha)
- Enter the land area and pick the from and to units.
- If either unit is bigha, katha, or biswa, a state selector appears — choose the state where the land is located.
- Read the converted value and the formula line showing the square-feet bridge.
- Scan the state comparison table to see how the same figure changes across states.
- Before any transaction, verify the local value against the sale deed or your patwari / tehsil land-records office.
State-wise bigha values used by this converter
All bigha, katha, and biswa figures below are customary — they are the values most widely used in each state's land market, not statutory definitions. Verify against your sale deed or patwari records before relying on them for a transaction.
| State | 1 bigha (sq ft) | 1 bigha (acre) | Bigha per acre |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh | 27,000 | 0.62 | 1.61 |
| Bihar | 27,220 | 0.625 | 1.6 |
| West Bengal | 14,400 | 0.331 | 3.03 |
| Rajasthan (pucca) | 27,225 | 0.625 | 1.6 |
| Assam | 14,400 | 0.331 | 3.03 |
| Gujarat | 17,424 | 0.4 | 2.5 |
| Madhya Pradesh | 12,000 | 0.275 | 3.63 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 8,712 | 0.2 | 5 |
| Uttarakhand | 6,804 | 0.156 | 6.4 |
| Punjab / Haryana | 9,070 | 0.208 | 4.8 |
Worked example: a plot advertised as 4 bigha in Lucknow (UP) is 4 × 27,000 = 108,000 sq ft ≈ 2.479 acres ≈ 1.003 hectares. The identical “4 bigha” in Kolkata would be 4 × 14,400 = 57,600 sq ft ≈ 1.322 acres — barely half the land. At an asking price of $30,000 per bigha, that is about $1.11 per sq ft in UP versus $2.08 per sq ft in Bengal, which is why serious buyers always normalize to price per square foot before comparing deals — in dollars or rupees alike.
Frequently asked questions
Why does a bigha have different sizes in different states?
Bigha predates the metric system and was defined by regional revenue administrations — Mughal, British, and princely-state settlements each fixed their own chains and rods. When states digitized land records they kept the local customary value rather than standardizing nationally. That is why UP records show a bigha near 27,000 sq ft while Bengal's is exactly 14,400 sq ft (a 120 × 120 ft square), and why no central law defines the unit.
How many square feet is 1 bigha in UP, Bihar, and West Bengal?
Commonly used values: Uttar Pradesh about 27,000 sq ft, Bihar about 27,220 sq ft, West Bengal 14,400 sq ft, Rajasthan (pucca) about 27,225 sq ft, Assam 14,400 sq ft, Gujarat about 17,424 sq ft. These are customary figures — within a state, districts can differ (eastern UP frequently uses a smaller bigha than western UP), so the sale deed and khasra records are the final authority.
What is the difference between pucca and kachha bigha?
In Rajasthan, Punjab, and parts of UP, the pucca (measured) bigha is the larger, officially recorded unit — about 27,225 sq ft in Rajasthan — while the kachha bigha is roughly one-third of it, used informally among cultivators. A seller quoting a price per kachha bigha while the buyer assumes pucca is a classic three-fold dispute. Always confirm which one the deed uses.
How do katha and biswa relate to bigha?
Both are subdivisions of the local bigha, usually 1/20th. Bihar: 1 bigha = 20 katha, so 1 katha ≈ 1,361 sq ft. West Bengal: 20 katha of 720 sq ft each. Assam is the outlier with 1 bigha = 5 katha of 2,880 sq ft. Biswa is the 1/20th subdivision in UP (≈1,350 sq ft) and Rajasthan (≈1,361 sq ft). Because they inherit the bigha's value, they vary by state the same way.
Which land units are actually fixed and safe to rely on?
The statutory and internationally defined ones: 1 acre = 43,560 sq ft, 1 hectare = 107,639 sq ft = 2.471 acres, 1 guntha = 1,089 sq ft (40 guntha = 1 acre), 1 cent = 435.6 sq ft (100 cents = 1 acre), 1 marla = 272.25 sq ft, 1 gaj (square yard) = 9 sq ft. Registries in most states now record area in hectares or square meters precisely because the customary units are ambiguous.
What due diligence should a land buyer do beyond unit conversion?
Pull the khasra/khatauni (or RoR) from the state's online land-records portal and check that the recorded area in hectares matches what the seller claims in bigha. Commission a physical survey by a licensed amin — boundary area frequently differs from record area. Convert the per-bigha price to per-sq-ft to compare with nearby transactions, and if you are financing the purchase, run the numbers through an EMI calculator before negotiating, since agricultural-land loans carry different terms than home loans.
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